Media treatment web flow path

ABSTRACT

Various embodiments and methods relating to moving a printed upon web along bowed segments of a web path through at least three consecutive turns in a same direction are disclosed.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS

This Application claims the benefit of provisional patent applicationSer. No. 61/056,435, filed May 27, 2008, titled “WEB FLOW PATH”, whichapplication is incorporated by reference herein as if reproduced in fullbelow.

The present application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/251,968 filed on Oct. 15, 2008 which claims priority from U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/987,026 filed on Nov. 9, 2007by Paul C. Ray; Neil Doherty; Mun Yew Lee; Thomas J. Tarnacki; Jaren D.Marier; Robert J. Manders; and John W. Godden and entitled WEB FLOWPATH, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND

Printing Systems may print and dry images on a web of media. The printedimage is sometimes contacted and damaged prior to being dried. Inaddition, some printers may occupy relatively large amount of floorspace.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a printing system according to anexample embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of the printingsystem of FIG. 1 according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a side elevation of view illustrating another embodiment ofthe printing system of FIG. 1 according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side elevation of view of a print module of the printingsystem of FIG. 2 illustrating print heads in raised and loweredpositions according to an example embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side elevation of view of a duplexer system according to anexample embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a printing system 20 according to anexample embodiment. Printing system 20 is configured to print upon a webof print media. Printing system 20 further provides a compact web flowpath that provides greater time for treating the printed image on theweb of media to a more permanent or robust state prior to the printedimage being contacted.

System 20 includes print module 22, fixer module 24 and controller 26.Print module 22 selectively deposits printing material upon web 30 toform an image, pattern, layout or arrangement of printing material uponweb 30. In one embodiment, web 30 comprises a web of printing materialsuch as a cellulose-based media. In another embodiment, web 30 maycomprise a web of polymeric material. In yet another embodiment, web 30may comprise one or more materials. As shown by FIG. 1, in the exampleillustrated, web 30 is provided from a supply roll 32. In oneembodiment, the printing material comprises a fluid such as one or moreinks. In another embodiment, the printing material may comprise a liquidtoner or other types of fluid.

Print module 22 includes housing 33, a printer device or printer 34 andweb flow path 36. Housing 33 comprises a framework supporting printer 34and web path 36. Housing 33 further encloses printer 34 and web flowpath 36. Housing 33 may have multiple configurations. In otherembodiments, a single housing may be used to support and at leastpartially enclosed the components of both printer module 22 and fixermodule 24.

Printer 34 comprises a device configured to form an image on face 37 ofweb 30. In one embodiment, printer 34 deposits printing material onto aface 37 of web 30 as schematically represented by arrows 38. In oneembodiment, printer 34 comprises a drop-on-demand inkjet printer.Examples of drop-on-demand inkjet printers include, but are not limitedto, a thermoresistive inkjet printer or a piezo resistive inkjetprinter. In other embodiments, printer 34 may comprise other printdevices configured to deposit a printing material upon face 34 of web 30or alternatively to selectively treat, change or activate printingmaterial carried by web 30 so as to form an image or pattern upon face37 of web 30, wherein the printing material cures, dry, solidifies orotherwise changes states in order to achieve substantial permanency(reduced likelihood of smearing, dislocation, color or grayscalealteration and the like).

Web flow path 36 comprise a path formed by one or more stationary ormovable structures along which web 30 is guided and moved. In theexample illustrated, web flow path 36 guides web 30 from supply roll 32over and about printer 34 in a first direction 40, back in a secondopposite direction 42 across printer 34 and through a print zone ofprinter 34. Thereafter, web 30 is overturned and moved once again in thedirection 40 until being discharged out of housing 33.

In the example illustrated, web flow path 36 is formed by a multitude ofrollers 44, 45, 46, 47 and 48 supported by a framework such as providedby housing 33. One or more of rollers 44-48 may be operably coupled to adrive system including a motor so as to be rotationally driven. In theexample illustrated, roller 48 is operably coupled to a motor 50 suchthat roller 40 is rotationally driven to drive web 30. In otherembodiments, motor 50 may be omitted or other drive mechanisms may beemployed. In other embodiments, print module 22 may include other mediaguiding members in place of one or more of rollers 44-48. For example,stationary structures such as arcuate panels or plates may be used toguide or direct web 30. In other embodiments, web flow path 36 mayinclude a greater or fewer of rollers 44-48 or other guide members.

As shown by FIG. 1, after face 37 is printed upon, face 37 is no longercontacted by any structure of printer module 22 until being dischargedfrom printer module 22. Roller 48 only contacts the unprinted upon face52 of web 30 after web 30 has been printed upon by printer 34. No otherrollers or other web guiding structures contact face 37 prior todischarge of web 30 from printer module 22. As a result, the freshlyprinted printing material is less likely to be contacted and smeared ordisplaced on face 37 of web 30.

Fixer module 24 comprises an arrangement of components configured totreat printing material upon face 37 of web 30 by printer 34 of printermodule 22. In other embodiments, fixer module 24 may be used with otherprinter modules or may be incorporated as a single non-modulararrangement including printer 34. As will be described hereafter, fixermodule 24 provides an elongated path of travel for the freshly printedmedia as the printed material upon face 37 is dried, provided time tocure or otherwise treated before face 37 is initially contacted by oneor more media guide members. The elongated path provided by fixer module24 is relatively compact and does not occupy substantial volume,permitting fixer module 24 to occupy less floor space.

Fixer module 24 includes housing 53, media treatment devices 56 and webflow path 58. Housing 53 comprises one or more structures configured toserve as a framework for supporting the remaining components of fixermodule 24. Housing 53 further at least partially encloses the componentsof fixer module 24. In the example illustrated, housing 53 providesfixer module 24 with its modularity, enabling fixer module 24 to beseparated from printer module 22 without damage to fixer module 24 orprinter module 22 and without reconfiguring of either printer module 22or fixer module 24. In other embodiments where fixer module 24 is notmodular, housing 53 may also enclose the internal components a printermodule 22. Housing 53 may also be omitted where housing 33 also enclosesand supports the internal components of fixer module 24.

Media treatment devices (MTDs) 56 comprise devices configured to treatweb 30 so as to convert or change the freshly printed printing materialupon face 37 from a less permanent state to a more permanent state whichis more resistant to smearing, dislocation or other damage that mayresult from contact with the printing material. For example, in theembodiment illustrated where printing material comprises a fluid havingingredients that may be evaporated to increase the permanency of theprinting material upon web 30, devices 56 comprise dryers. Examples ofsuch dryers include, but are not limited to, radiant heaters, convectionheaters, microwave heaters or other heating devices. Such dryers mayalternatively comprise fans and blowers directing air onto surface 37.In one embodiment, such devices 56 are configured to direct heated airtowards face 37 as face 37 of web 30 moves along web flow path 58.

In other embodiments, other types of heaters or other types of mediatreatment devices 56 may be employed. For example, in other embodiments,the printing material may be configured to be cured to a more permanentstate in response to being irradiated by ultraviolet light. In suchcircumstances, media treatment devices 56 may be configured to emit ordirect ultraviolet light onto face 37 as web 30 moves along media flowpath 58. In still other embodiments, media treatment devices 56 may beomitted, wherein the printing materials upon face 37 change from a firstpermanent state to a second more permanent state upon elapse of time.

Web flow path 58 comprises an arrangement of one or more structuresconfigured to guide and direct movement of web 30 through fixer module24 and relative to media treatment devices 56. Web flow path 58 guidesweb 30 along bowed paths extending through at least three consecutiveturns in a same direction immediately following print module 22 andprior to any contact with the printed upon face 37. In the exampleillustrated, after web 30 has entered housing 53, web flow path 58directs web 30 through turns 60, 62, 64, 66 and 68, each of which is ina clock-wise direction as seen in FIG. 1. As a result, face 37 of web 30remains on the outside of the path 58 and is not contacted by any mediaguide members or structures. Consequently, the printing material alongface 37 is permitted to change states to a more permanent state, lesssusceptible to smearing, damage or other alteration. Because web flowpath 58 overlaps itself, the overall length of travel for the web isrelatively large as compared to the floor space or volume occupied byfixer module 24, allowing more time for drying or other treatment of theweb. At the same time, because web flow path 58 is bowed between suchconsecutive turns in the same direction, enhanced wrap of the web aboutand along the intermediate guides (such as the rollers shown) isenhanced, further enhancing transverse tracking of the web along suchguides. Such transverse tracking is especially beneficial in fixermodule 24 since the length of the path is elongated and undergoesmultiple turns.

In the example illustrated, media treatment devices 56 are located alongpath 58 between each of turns 60, 62, 64, 66 and 68 as well as betweenturns 68 and the next successive turn to facilitate this change to amore permanent state. In the example illustrated, the previous wetprinting material upon face 37 is completely dried or sufficiently driedto achieve a more permanent state. Although media flow path 58 isillustrated as having five consecutive turns in a same direction priorto any contact with face 37, in other embodiments, media flow path 58may alternatively include fewer turns, such as three turns or four turnsor more than five turns. In other embodiments, media flow path 58 mayalternatively comprise at least three consecutive turns in acounter-clockwise direction immediately following receipt from a printeror print module and prior to any contact with the printed upon face ofthe web.

After moving web 30 through the final clockwise turn 68, web flow path58 backs out of or retraces the previous winding path by moving orguiding web 30 through at least three consecutive turns in an oppositedirection. In the example illustrated, Web flow path 58 guides web 30through at least N−1 consecutive turns in the opposite direction,wherein N equals the number of turns taken in the same directionimmediately following receipt from printing module 22. In the exampleillustrated, web flow path 58 guides web 30 through at least fourconsecutive turns in the counter-clockwise direction. In the exampleillustrated, web flow path 58 guides web 30 through turns 70, 72, 74 and76 prior to exiting the winding path. As shown by FIG. 1, web flow path58 further directs web 30 through turns 78, 80, 82 and 84 around theinter-winding portion of path 58 prior to discharge from housing 53 offixer module 24. Because web flow path 58 further directs web 30 aboutturns 78, 80, 82 and 84, web 30 may be discharged from treatment module24 on an opposite side of housing 53 as the point where web 30 entersmodule 24. As a result, module 24 may be employed in a serialarrangement of modules forming printing system 20. In other embodiments,web 30 may alternatively omit turns 78-84 and may be discharged frommodule 24 at other points or along other sides of housing 53.

In the example embodiment illustrated, web flow path 58 is formed from aseries of rollers including turn rollers 86 and intermediate supportrollers 88. Turn rollers 86 are located at each of turns 6084, whereinthe web 30 at least partially wraps about such turn rollers as itchanges direction. Intervening rollers 88 are located between turnrollers 86 and support web 30 between such turns.

As further shown by FIG. 1, some of turn rollers 86 may additionally bedriven to assist in driving web 30. In the example illustrated, turnroller 86 at turn 70 is operably coupled to a motor 90 such that turnroller 86 is rotationally driven. Similarly, turn roller 86 at turn 84is operably coupled to a motor 92 so as to be rotationally driven toassist in driving web 30. In the particular embodiment illustrated,additional pinch rollers, such as pinch roller 94, may be additionallyprovided opposite to one or more the driven rollers to assist in drivingthe web. Although module 24 is illustrated as having depicted number ofturn rollers 86, intervening rollers 88 and controllers 94, in otherembodiments, module 24 may have a greater or fewer of such turn rollers86, a greater or fewer number of such intervening rollers 88 and agreater or fewer number of such pinch rollers 94. In still otherembodiments, media flow path 58 may include other types of web guidingmembers or structures or combinations of different types of web guidingstructures. For example, in lieu of rollers 86, 88 and 94, web flow path58 may include arcuate and flat plates or guides, rotatable ballbearings or other structures that guide and facilitate movement of web30 along predetermined paths. In some embodiments, additional web guidemembers, such as additional rollers, may be provided generally oppositeto corresponding rollers beginning at turn 70.

Controller 26 comprises one or more processing units configured todirect the operation of fixer module 24. For purposes of thisapplication, the turn “processing unit” shall mean a presently developedor future developed processing unit that executes sequences ofinstructions contained in a memory. Execution of the sequences ofinstructions causes the processing unit to perform steps such asgenerating control signals. The instructions may be loaded in a randomaccess memory (RAM) for execution by the processing unit from a readonly memory (ROM), a mass storage device, or some other persistentstorage. In other embodiments, hard wired circuitry may be used in placeof or in combination with software instructions to implement thefunctions described. For example, controller 26 may be embodied as partof one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Unlessotherwise specifically noted, the controller is not limited to anyspecific combination of hardware circuitry and software, nor to anyparticular source for the instructions executed by the processing unit.

In the example illustrated, controller 26 generates control signalswhich direct a printing of an image upon face 37 by printer 34, whichdirect the operation of media treatment devices 56 and which to directthe speed at which web 30 is moved through modules 22 and 24 usingmotors 50, 90 and 92. Such control signals are transmitted either in awired fashion or wirelessly. In the example illustrated, controller 26communicates such control signals to both modules 22 and 24. In oneembodiment, controller 26 may be provided as part of module 22. Inanother embodiment, controller 26 may be provided as part of module 24.In yet another embodiment, controller 26 may comprise a separate unit.

FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a printing system 100, anotherembodiment of printer system 20. Like printing system 20, printingsystem 100 prints an image upon a face of a web of media andsubsequently treats the web such that the printed image attains a morepermanent nature or state prior to being initially contacted by one ormore media guiding structures or members. Printing system 100 includesprinting module 102, fixer module 104 and controllers 106.

Printing module 102 is similar to printing module 22 except thatprinting module 102 includes web flow path 108 in place of web flow path36. Those remaining elements of printing module 102 which correspond toelements of printing module 22 are numbered similarly. As shown by FIG.2, web flow path 108 guides and directs Web 30 from supply roll 32across and beneath print device 34. In the example illustrated, Web flowpath 108 includes roller 109 for guiding web 30. In other embodiments,web flow path 108 may include additional rollers oradditional/alternative guiding members or structures that direct orguide movement of web 30.

As with printer 34 of printing module 22, printer 34 of printing module22 prints or otherwise forms an image upon face 37 of web 30. However,unlike printing module 22, printing module 102 does not overturn web 30after such printing, but discharges web 30 with the print upon face 37facing upward and the unprinted upon face 52 facing downward. As notedabove, printer 30 may either deposit a printing material upon face 37 ormay treat or activate printing material already contained upon web 37.In either case, fixer module 104 treats the printing material to enhanceits permanency or steadfastness upon face 37.

Fixer module 104 is similar to fixer module 24 except that fixer module104 includes web flow path 110 in lieu of web flow path 58. Thoseremaining elements of fixer module 104 which correspond to elements offixer module 24 are numbered similarly. Like fixer module 22, fixermodule 104 includes multiple media treatment devices 56 along media flowpath 110 configured to treat web 30 as it travels along media flow path110 to increase the permanency or steadfastness of the image andprinting material upon face 37 of web 30. In the example illustrated,treatment devices 56 comprise dryers. Such dryers direct heated airtowards face 37 to dry fluid printing material upon face 37. Inparticular embodiments, such dryers may additionally direct heated airtowards face 52 of web 30 along the path 110. In other embodiments,devices 56 additionally or alternatively heat the overall ambient airwithin the chamber formed by housing 53 about web flow path 110. Inother embodiments, as discussed above, media treatment device 56 maycomprise other devices depending upon the type and form of printingmaterial forming the images, patterns or layers upon web 30.

Web flow path 110 is similar to web flow path 58 except that web flowpath 110 has a more circular or spiral shape as compared to thetriangular or teepee shape of web flow path 58. As a result, web flowpath 110 directs web 30 along a series of multiple more gradual turnsrather than the sharp turns of web flow path 58. For purposes of thisdisclosure, the term “turn” means a deviation from linearity broughtabout by one or more web guide members. In the example shown in FIG. 2,web flow path 110 begins to make a series of relatively small gradualturns beginning at point 112. In the example illustrated, such smallturns are achieved by a multitude of guide members (turn rollers 114)having their axes of rotation circumferentially located about a centerpoint. Overall, web flow path 110 includes 18 consecutive turns in anysame direction (counter clockwise) before reaching turn roller 116.Media treatment devices 56 are located along media path 110 formed byturn rollers 114. During travel of web 30 along turn rollers 114 ofmedia flow path or 110, printed upon face 37 is not contacted by anyguide structure, allowing the image upon face 37 to have sufficient timeto attain a more permanent or steadfast state. Because the spiral pathprovided by web flow path 110 wraps about itself or overlaps itself inmultiple layers, the spiral path provided by web flow path 110 providesthis additional time without substantially increasing the volume orfloor space required by fixer module 104. Because Web flow path number110 has a spiral path, the web is gradually guided about multiple turns.This gradual guidance of the web about multiple turns imposes lessstress upon the web and is less likely to crease or permanently deformthe web.

Because web flow path 110 overlaps itself the overall length of travelfor the web is relatively large as compared to the floor space or volumeoccupied by fixer module 104, allowing more time for drying or othertreatment of the web. At the same time, because web flow path 110 isbowed between such consecutive turns in the same direction, enhancedwrap of the web about and along the intermediate guides (such as therollers shown) is enhanced, further enhancing transverse tracking of theweb along such guides. Such transverse tracking is especially beneficialin fixer module 104 since the length of the path is elongated andundergoes multiple turns.

Beginning at turn roller 116, web flow path 110 retraces its spiral pathin an opposite direction by extending through multiple consecutive turnsin a same direction opposite to that of path 110 along turn rollers 114.In the example illustrated, media flow path 110 has 14 consecutive turnsin a clockwise direction before exiting the previously formed spiral.

In the example illustrated, web flow path 110 additionally includesrollers 117 which redirect web 30 about the formed spiral such that web30 may be discharged from module 104 on an opposite side of module 104as compared to where web 30 enters module 104. As a result, module 104may be utilized in a serial or end-to-end arrangement of modules forminga printing system. In other embodiments, rollers 117 may be provided atother locations or may be omitted, wherein web 30s discharge from module104 at other locations. In other embodiments, web flow path 110 mayinclude other web guiding members or structures other than rollers suchas curved plates, which are located on one side of web 30. In particularembodiments, additional web guide members may be provided opposite toturn rollers 116.

As further shown by FIG. 2, fixer module 104 may additionally includecomponents configured to drive web 30 along web flow path 110. In theexample illustrated, module 104 additionally includes nip rollers 118and drive motors 119 for facilitating the driving of web 30 along webflow path 110. Although module 104 is illustrated as having a drivemotor 119 operably coupled to the first turn roller 116 along web flowpath 110 and as having a drive motor 119 operably coupled to one of niprollers 118, in other embodiments, fixer module 104 may include drivemotors 119 operably coupled other rollers at the same or other locationsfor driving (pulling) web 30 along web flow path 110. In otherembodiments, the actual number of turn rollers 114 and turn rollers 116as well as their relative spacings may be varied from that shown. Inaddition, the tightness for compactness of the formed spiral as well asthe number of spiral loops may also be varied from that shown.

Controllers 106 comprise one or more processing units configured todirect the operation of printer 34, media treatment devices 56 and drivemotors 119. In the example illustrated, printer module 102 and fixermodule 104 are each illustrated as having a dedicated controller 106,wherein controllers 106 are in communication with one another, eitherwirelessly or in a wired fashion, to coordinate the operation of modules102 and 104. In other embodiments, a single controller 106 may beutilized to control and coordinate the operation of both module 102 andmodule 104.

FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate printing system 120, another embodiment ofprinting systems 20 and 100. Like printing systems 20 and 100, printingsystem 120 is configured to print upon a web of print media. Printingsystem 120 is further configured to treat the printed image on the webof media such that it has a more permanent or steadfast state moreresistant to subsequent contact while having a layout and a web flowpath that facilitate occupies less floor space.

As shown by FIG. 3, system 120 includes print module 122 and fixermodule 124 and controller 26 (shown in FIG. 1). Print module 22selectively deposits printing material upon web 130 to form an image,pattern, layout or arrangement of printing material upon web 130. In oneembodiment, web 130 may comprise a web of printing material such as bycellulose-based media. In another embodiment, web 130 may comprise a webof polymeric material. In yet another embodiment, web 130 may compriseone or more other materials. In one embodiment, the printing materialcomprises a fluid such as one or more inks. In yet other embodiments,the printing material may comprise other types of fluid.

Print module 122 includes a printer 134, actuator 135, web flow path 136and web drive 138. Printer 134 comprises a device or mechanismconfigured to selectively deposit printing material. Printer 134includes support 142 and one or more pens or cartridges 144. Support 142comprises a structure configured to support cartridges 144 opposite toweb 130. In the particular example illustrated, support 142 isconfigured to support cartridges 144 along an arc opposite to web 130.In the embodiment illustrated, support 142 is movable towards and awayfrom web 130. In yet another embodiment, support 142 is stationaryopposite to web 30.

Cartridges 144 comprise mechanisms configured to eject fluid onto web130. In the particular example illustrated, cartridges 144 each includeone or more print heads 146 (schematically shown on one of cartridges144). In one embodiment, print heads 146 each comprise thermal resistivedrop-on-demand inkjet print heads. In yet other embodiments, print heads146 may comprise piezo resistive inkjet print heads. In still otherembodiments, print heads 146 may comprise other mechanisms configured toeject fluid in a controlled manner.

According to one embodiment, cartridges 144 each include aself-contained reservoir of fluid which is applied to the associatedprint heads 146. In yet another embodiment, cartridges 144 each includea reservoir which is further supplied with fluid or ink via an off-axisink supply system using one or more pumps or other mechanisms to supplya fluid to each of cartridges 144. In one embodiment, cartridges 144 ofprinter 134 are configured to apply multiple colors of ink. In theembodiment illustrated, cartridges 44 configured to deposit black (K),cyan (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y) colored inks. In the exampleillustrated, printer 34 is additionally configured to apply a fixer (F)to web 130 prior to application of the colored inks. In otherembodiments, printer 134 may include a fewer or greater number of suchcartridges configured to apply a fewer or greater number of suchdifferent types of fluid.

Actuator 135 comprise a mechanism configured to selectively raise andlower support 142 to raise and lower cartridges 144 relative to web flowpath 136 and web 130. As a result, support 142 may be moved tofacilitate enhanced access to cartridges 44 for inspection, repair orreplacement. In some embodiments, movement of support 142 and cartridges144 may further facilitate servicing of print heads 146.

In the embodiment illustrated, actuator 135 comprises one or morehydraulic or pneumatic cylinder assemblies 147. In another embodiment,actuator 135 comprises one or more electric solenoids. In the yetanother embodiment, actuator 135 may comprise one or more cams driven byone or more motors. In such an embodiment, support 142 may be guided byone or more guide rods or other guide structures. In still otherembodiments, actuator 135 may be omitted.

Web flow path 136 comprises a path formed by one or more stationary ormovable structures along which web 130 is guided and moved. In theparticular example illustrated, web flow path 136 is formed by overheadrollers 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157 and 158, arcuatelyarranged rollers 160 and control rollers 162, 164, 166. Rollers 150-158guide and direct web 130 along path 36 over, around and about printsupport 42 and cartridges 44 generally to control roller 162. Althoughpath 136 is illustrated as utilizing rollers 150-158 for directing web130 over and around support 142, in other embodiment, path 136 mayinclude a greater or fewer of such rollers for directing web 130 aroundsupport 142. In still other embodiments, other structures may be used toguide web 130 over and around support 142. For example, stationarystructures such as arcuate panels or plates may be used to guide ordirect web 130 around support 142.

Arcuately arranged rollers 160 comprise a series of rotationallysupported cylinders or rollers supported in an arc by a support 166opposite to support 42 and cartridges 144. In one embodiment, support166 supports rollers 160 which rotate about their individual axes.Rollers 160 facilitate relatively smooth movement of web 130 withminimal friction upon web 130. In other embodiment, rollers 160 mayinclude a greater or fewer of such rollers or may include otherstructures configured to support web 130 in an arc opposite to support142. For example, in another embodiment, rollers 160 may be replacedwith one or more arcuate platens or plates.

Control rollers 162, 164 comprise independently rotationally drivenrollers which define or form web flow path 136 and which move web 130along web flow path 136. Roller 162 is located immediately upstream ofcartridges 144 and their associated print heads 146. Roller 164 islocated immediately downstream of cartridges 144 and their associatedprint heads 146 along web flow path 136. Rollers 162 and 164 form ordefine a printing zone across support 166 and rollers 160. Rollers 162and 164 are configured to be driven at different speeds, facilitatingadjustment of the tension of web 130 across an opposite to cartridges144 during printing upon web 30. At the same time, rollers 162 and 164may be driven at substantially the same speed, facilitating precisevelocity control of web 130 across the printing zone formed by rollers162, 164 and rollers 160.

Control roller 166 comprises an independently rotationally driven rollerwhich further partially defines web flow path 136. Control roller 165engages or contacts web 130 after web 130 has left printer module 122and has passed through fixer module 124. In operation, control roller165 pulls web 130 partially through fixer module 124 despite beingphysically associated with printer module 122. Because printer module122 includes control roller 165, the cost and complexity of mediatreatment module 124 is reduced. Likewise, control of the velocity ofcontrol roller 165 may be more easily facilitated using controller 26(shown and described with respect to FIG. 1) which is also physicallyassociated with print module 122. In other embodiment, control roller165 may alternatively be provided as part of fixer module 124.

As further shown by FIG. 3, each of control rollers 162 and 166 ispreceded and succeeded by additional guide rollers 169. Guide rollers169 facilitate wrap of web 130 about control rollers 162 and 165. Inother embodiment, such additional guide rollers 169 may be omitted.

As further shown by FIG. 3, web flow path 136 is inverted multipletimes. In particular, when entering print module 122, web flow path 136is flowing in a first direction as indicated by arrow 170. At roller158, the direction in which web 130 is moving is inverted such that web130 is redirected and moves in a second opposite direction as indicatedby arrow 171. Web flow path 136 continues in an arc over rollers 160opposite to cartridges 144 until it is once again inverted at roller 164to once again flow in the direction indicated by arrow 170. Web flowpath 136 continues to flow “downstream” in the direction indicated byarrow 170 until leaving print module 122 for a first time prior toreentering print module 122 at control roller 165.

Web drive 138 comprises one or more mechanisms configured torotationally drive rollers 162, 164 and 165. In the example illustrated,web drive 138 comprises servo motors 172, 174 and 175 (with associatedencoders). In other embodiments, web drive 138 may comprise othercontrollable sources of torque. In still other embodiments, web drive138 may comprise a single motor configured to selectively supplydistinct levels of torque or velocity to rollers 162, 164 and 165 usingone or more transmissions and clutch mechanisms.

Fixer module 124 comprises an arrangement of components configured totreat printing material that is deposited upon web 130 by printer 134 ofprinter module 122 such that it attains a more permanent or steadfastcharacteristic or state, wherein the printing material is lesssusceptible to smearing, scratching, damage or alteration when beingcontacted or pressed upon. Fixer module 124 includes media treatmentdevices 176A, 176B (collectively referred to as media treatment devices176) and web flow path 178. In the example illustrated, media treatmentdevices 176 comprise devices configured to dry printing material uponweb 130. In one embodiment, media treatment devices 176 comprise devicesconfigured to blow heated air onto one or more faces of web 130. Inanother embodiment, heaters 176 may additionally or alternatively applyinfrared heat or other forms of the heat or energy, such as microwaves,to dry the printing material upon web 130.

In the particular example illustrated, media treatment devices 176includes one or more media treatment devices 176 substantially facing indirection 170 and one or more media treatment device 176 substantiallyfacing in direction 171, wherein web flow path 178 guides web 130between such opposite media treatment devices 176 with the printed uponface of web 130 facing outwardly towards each of the opposed sets of oneor more media treatment devices 176. In addition, as with mediatreatment device 76, media treatment devices 176 are substantiallyvertical. Thus, fixer module 124 and system 120 are more compact andoccupy less floor space.

Web flow path 178 comprises an arrangement of one or more structuresconfigured to guide and direct movement of web 130 through fixer module124 and relative to media treatment devices 176. Web flow path 178includes guide rollers 186A, 186B (collectively referred to as guiderollers 186), inverter roller 188, return roller 190, exit rollers 192,194 and 196, and reentry and discharge rollers 198, 199, 200, 201, 202and 203. Guide rollers 186A direct web 130 from fixer module inputopening 205, in the outer enclosure or housing 206, across and oppositeto media treatment devices 176A with the printed upon face 184 of web130 facing media treatment devices 176A. Likewise, guide rollers 176Bguide and direct movement of web 130 opposite to media treatment devices176B with face 184 facing media treatment devices 176B. Inverter roller188 is located between rollers 186A and 186B. Web 130 wrapsapproximately 180 degrees about roller 188 as it changes direction froman upward direction when moving across media treatment device 176A to asubstantially downward direction when moving across media treatmentdevice 176B. Because web 130 is directed in this up-and-down verticalpath, fixer module 124 more effectively dries web 130 with fixer module124 occupying less floor space. Because web flow path 178 guidesmovement of web 130 through at least three consecutive turns in a samedirection immediately succeeding receipt of web 130 from print module122, the printed upon face of web 130 is provided greater time fordrying and for achieving a more permanent or robust state prior to beingcontacted.

Because web flow path to 178 overlaps itself, the overall length oftravel for the web is relatively large as compared to the floor space orvolume occupied by fixer module 124, allowing more time for drying orother treatment of the web. At the same time, because web flow path for178 is bowed between such consecutive turns in the same direction,enhanced wrap of the web about and along the intermediate guides (suchas the rollers shown) is enhanced, further enhancing transverse trackingof the web along such guides. Such transverse tracking is especiallybeneficial in fixer module 124 since the length of the path is elongatedand undergoes multiple turns.

Return roller 190 comprises a rotationally supported roller betweenrollers 186A and 186B. As shown by FIG. 3, web 130 wraps about the lastof rollers 186B and once again extends upwardly until wrapping aboutroller 190. After wrapping about roller 190, web 130 directed verticallydownward across roller 192, around roller 194 and outward after beingguided by roller 196. Return roller 190 enables web 130 to once againpass between opposed heaters 176A and 176B for further heating andfurther drying. Thereafter, rollers 192-196 direct web 130 out dischargeopening 207 formed in the outer enclosure or housing 206 of fixer module124.

As shown by FIG. 3, web 130 is then directed from roller 196 aboutcontrol roller 165 associated with printer module 122. After beingdriven by control roller 165, web 130 reenters web flow path 178 offixer module 124. Rollers 198-203 guide and direct web 130 over andaround media treatment devices 176 down to a second discharge opening209 in housing 206. Web 130 is discharge from fixer module 124 insubstantially the same direction arrow 170 at which web 130 enteredprint module 122 of system 120. Consequently, web flow paths 136 and 178enable system 120 to print and dry web 130 in an effective manner whileoccupying less floor space. Because web flow path 178 as a generalteepee shape (a height at least greater to base and nominally two ormore times greater than the base), the floor space occupied by fixermodule 124 is even further reduced. In other embodiments, web flow path178 may have other configurations.

Although fixer module 124 is illustrated as utilizing the illustratedserpentine web flow path 178 using the noted rollers, in anotherembodiment, fixer module 124 may utilize other serpentine web flowpaths. In another embodiment, fixer module 124 may include otherarrangements of rollers. In other embodiments, fixer module 124 mayinclude other types of guides for guiding web 130 and directing movementof web 130 through fixer module 124. In some embodiments, fixer module124 may include other types of media treatment devices or mediatreatment devices differently arranged within fixer module 124.

In operation, controller 26 (shown in FIG. 1) generates control signalsdirecting motors 172, 174 and 175 to rotationally drive control rollers162, 164 and 165, respectively, so as to control the tension andvelocity of web 130. In particular, controller 26 generates controlsignals controlling the application of torque provided by rollers 162and 164 to control the velocity and positioning of web 130 acrossrollers 160 opposite to print heads 146 of cartridges 144. At the sametime, controller 26 generates control signals directing actuator 135 toposition cartridges 144 into close proximity to face 184 of web 130.Controller 128 generates control signals directing fluid or printingmaterial, such as ink, to be ejected onto face 184 by print heads 146.

Controller 26 also generates control signals controlling the amount ofheat provided by media treatment devices 176. At the same time,controller 26 generates control signals directing motor 175 torotationally drive control roller 165 to control the tension andvelocity of web 130 through fixer module 124. In one embodiment,controller 26 may be configured to operate in different modes atdifferent times based upon command received via an input 26 or basedupon instructions contained in an associated computer readable medium ormemory. For example, in one embodiment, controller 26 may initiallyadjust the tensioning of web 130 by causing rollers 162 and 164 to bedriven a different velocities. Once an appropriate tension has been set,controller 26 may generate control signals causing rollers 162, 164 tobe driven at substantially the same velocity contribute controlpositioning of web 130 during printing. As web 130 is being movedthrough system 120, controller 26 may also generate control signalscausing rollers 165 to be driven at a speed or velocity distinct fromrollers 162 164. As a result, controller 26 may control the tension ofthe web 130 as it is being dried. This tension may be different from thetension of the web 130 across the print's own (across rollers 160 andopposite to cartridges 144).

At certain points in time, cartridges 144 or their print heads 146 maybe repaired, replaced or serviced. At such times, controller 26 maygenerate control signals causing actuators 135 to raise or lift support142 and cartridges 144 away from rollers 160 and that portion of webflow path 136 between rollers 160 and cartridges 144. FIG. 3 illustratessupport 142 in a raised, servicing position as compared to the lowered,deployed and printing position. Consequently, system 120 enables accessto print heads 146 from both above and below for replacement andservicing.

As shown in FIG. 3, printer module 122 and fixer module 124 compriseseparate and distinct modules contained in separate and distinctenclosures or housings, wherein such modular positioned in closeproximity or adjacent to one another to facilitate transfer of web 130therebetween. Because system 120 includes distinct modules 122, 124,printer module 122 may be used independently of fixer module 124 eitherby itself or with other fixer modules. Likewise, fixer module 124 may beused independently of printer module 122. In other embodiments, thecomponents of print modules 122 and fixer module 124 may alternativelybe house are contained within a single enclosure or housing.

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the duplexing system 200. Duplexingsystem 200 is configured to print upon opposite sides of a web of media.Duplexing system 200 includes web supply 202, printing systems 220A,220B (collectively referred to as printing systems 220), sensors 222,web inverter 224, sensors 226 and web collection 228. Web supply 200comprises a supply of web 230 which is unwound and delivered to printingsystem 220A across a walkway or intermediate platform 230.

Printing systems 220 are each identical to printing system 120 (shownand described with respect to FIGS. 3 and 4). In particular, eachprinting system 220 includes a print module 122 and a fixer module 124.Printing system 220A receives a web of media and prints upon a firstface of the web in print module 122. The first face of the web is driedin fixer module 124 of system 220A.

Sensor 222 comprises one or more sensors configured to detect qualityand accuracy of the image printed upon the first face of the web. In oneembodiment, sensor 222 comprises a vision system, such as a video orcamera system, configured to sense or detect quality and accuracy of theimage printed upon the web. Sensor 222 is located between fixer module124 of system 220A and web inverter 224. Sensor 222 senses the firstface of the web as it passes between system 220A and inverter 224.Sensor 222 transmits signals communicating the sensed results tocontroller 26 (shown in FIG. 1) which adjusts the operation of thevarious components of duplexing system 220 based upon such results.

Web inverter 224 comprise a mechanism configured to invert, flip or turnover the web of printing material such that system 220B prints upon asecond opposite face of the same web. In the example embodimentillustrated, inverter 224 comprises an air driven turn bar or turn unitcommercially available from EMT International located in Green Bay, Wis.or Hunkeler AG. In other embodiments, web inverter 124 may compriseother mechanisms or devices between systems 220A and 220B thatconfigured to flip or overturn a web of media.

Printing system 220B receives the overturned web and prints upon thesecond opposite side of the web using print module 122. Fixer module 124dries the second opposite side of the pages that have been printed upon.Thereafter, the web, having been printed on both sides, is dischargedand rewound by web collector 228.

In the example illustrated, duplexing system 200 includes sensor 226between printing system 220B and web collector 228. As with Sensor 222,sensor 226 senses, detects or verifies the quality or accuracy of theprinted image upon the second side of the web. Sensor 226 transmits arecommunicates signals communicating the results to controller 26 (shownin FIG. 1) which adjusts operating parameters based upon the senseresults. For example, in response to signals from sensor 222, controller26 may adjust the velocity of the web, the tension of the web, thespacing or positioning of support 142 and cartridges 144 relative to theweb or printing parameters of print heads 146, or the output of mediatreatment devices 176 of print system 220A. Likewise, in response tosignals from sensor 226, controller 26 may adjust the velocity of theweb, the tension of the web, the spacing or positioning of support 142and cartridges 144 relative to the web, the printing parameters of printheads 146, or the output of media treatment devices 176 of print system220B. In other embodiments, one or both of sensors 222, 226 may beomitted.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference toexample embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize thatchanges may be made in form and detail without departing from the spiritand scope of the claimed subject matter. For example, although differentexample embodiments may have been described as including one or morefeatures providing one or more benefits, it is contemplated that thedescribed features may be interchanged with one another or alternativelybe combined with one another in the described example embodiments or inother alternative embodiments. Because the technology of the presentdisclosure is relatively complex, not all changes in the technology areforeseeable. The present disclosure described with reference to theexample embodiments and set forth in the following claims is manifestlyintended to be as broad as possible. For example, unless specificallyotherwise noted, the claims reciting a single particular element alsoencompass a plurality of such particular elements.

1. An apparatus comprising: one or more media treatment devices; and a web flow path adapted to extend from a printing device and having bowed segments extending between at least three consecutive turns in a first rotational direction immediately following the printing device, wherein the web flow path has a teepee shape having a first side segment and a second side segment converging at an upper vertex of the teepee shape, the first side segment and the second side segment extending from base corners of the teepee shape formed by two of the at least three consecutive turns; a first media treatment device facing inwardly in a first inward direction to face a face of the web along the web flow path; and a second media treatment device facing inwardly in a second inward direction to face the face of the web along the web flow path, wherein the first side segment of the web flow path is configured to support a printed upon face of the web outwardly towards the first media treatment device, wherein the second side segment of the web flow path is configured to support the printed upon face of the web outwardly towards the second media treatment device and wherein the web flow path extends within the teepee shape between the first side segment and the second side segment where the flow path turns in a second rotational direction opposite to the first direction prior to exiting through a base of the teepee shape.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising one or more rollers forming one or more of the at least three consecutive turns.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a housing defining a chamber containing the first media treatment device and the second media treatment device, wherein the at least three consecutive turns are contained in the chamber.
 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the housing includes a first input opening and a first output opening.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the housing includes a second input opening and a second output opening and wherein the apparatus further comprises a drive roller external to the housing, wherein the web path extends into the housing through the first input opening and extends out the housing through the second output opening into engagement with the drive roller, wherein the web path extends back into the housing through the second input opening and out the housing through the first output opening.
 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first input opening is on a first side of the housing and wherein first output opening is on a second opposite side of the housing.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of rollers along the web flow path between consecutive turns.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first segment of the web flow path is configured to move the web in a first direction between consecutive turns and wherein the second segment of the web flow path is configured to move the web in a second substantially opposite direction between consecutive turns and wherein the first segment of the web flow path and the second segment of the web flow path face one another.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising the printing device, wherein the printing device is configured to print an image on a first face of the media and wherein the web flow path is configured such that a second opposite face of the media is contacted during each of the at least three consecutive turns in the same direction.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flow path has a horizontal base having a width and a vertical height greater than the width.
 11. A method comprising: moving a web of media from a print device along bowed vertical segments of a web flow path about at least three consecutive turns in a first rotational direction, wherein the least three consecutive turns are enclosed in a housing and wherein the web of media contains wet imaging material after a first one of the at least three consecutive turns; and drying the web of media as it is moved about the at least three consecutive turns, wherein drying the web of media comprises treating the web of media with a first media treatment device facing inwardly in a first inward direction and facing the web along a first segment of the web flow path extending between two of the at least three consecutive turns; treating the web of media with a second media treatment device facing inwardly in a second inward direction facing the web along a second segment of the web flow path extending between two of the at least three consecutive turns while the first segment of web flow path supports a printed upon face of the web outwardly towards the first media treatment device and while the second segment of the web flow path supports the printed upon face of the web outwardly towards the second media treatment device; turning the web of media in a second rotational direction about a horizontal axis between the first segment of the web flow path and the second segment of the web flow path; guiding the web from inside the housing to outside the housing; driving the web while outside the housing after the web has moved from inside the housing to outside the housing; and guiding the web back into the housing.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the web of media is moved about the at least three consecutive turns in a heated chamber to dry the web media.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the web of media is moved partially about one or more rollers forming one or more of the at least three consecutive turns.
 14. The method of claim 11 further comprising forming an image upon a first face of the web, wherein a second opposite face of the web is contacted during each of the at least three consecutive turns in the same direction. 